The vapour Compression refrigeration system is that system in which a compressor is used as Electrical energy to convert mechanical energy in a operated it.the basic components of compressor, condenser, filter or drier, Expansion valve and cooling coil.
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| Figure show - mechanical compression refrigeration system or vapour Compression refrigeration system |
Vapour Compression refrigeration system or mechanical compression refrigeration system or cycle
Vapour Compression refrigeration system or mechanical compression refrigeration system are same working principle.The vapour Compression refrigeration system is that system in which a compressor is used as Electrical energy to convert mechanical energy in a operated it. It is the most popular system for producing refrigeration Cooling.
Mechanical refrigeration system has the following main parts, all inter connected with each other with the help of copper pipe. This system is charged with some refrigerants or gas evaporates to vaporized inside in a part known as evaporator and produces cooling. because evaporated causes cooling in the refrigeration load.
The uses refrigerant or Gas like freon(r 22,r134a,r410a,r600a,r 32,r290,r 21,r 11,r 12,r404A, )or ammonia (r717) or carbon dioxide (r744) or sulphur dioxide(r764) is charged.The flow of refrigerant or gas depends upon the compressor capacity(express by tonnage) used in the system.
Mechanical System or cycle It has the following main parts used like compressor, condenser, receiver, filter or Drier, Expansion valve or refrigerant control device and Evaporator or Cooling coil.
Oil separator is a part of mechanical compression refrigeration system. It is fitted in the discharge line after the compressor. The oil separator to separate oil from the compressed vapour refrigerant or gas and return it to the crank case of the compressor.
Liquid receiver is a part of mechanical compression refrigeration system. It is fitted in the liquid line after the condenser. The liquid receiver to received liquid refrigerant or gas from the condenser and store it for servicing purpose.
Accumulator is a part of mechanical compression refrigeration system. It is fitted in suction line after the evaporator. The Accumulator to holds the UneVaporised liquid refrigerant (liquid refrigerant not convert to vapour) from the evaporator then Vaporized to convert vapour getting absorb heat to be supplying the compressor to compressed vapour refrigerant or gas.
The Compressors like first positive displacement ( Reciprocating compressors, Rotary compressors) and second one of the Roto Dynamic.
Prime mover or Belts Driven like diesel or petrol engine or electric motor is required to operate it.
Roto Dynamic compressors
. centrifugal compressor
. Axial flow compressor
Reciprocating compressors
. Hermetic or Sealed Compressor
. Semi Sealed or semi Hermetic
. Open type compressor
. In-line compressor
. V shaped compressor
. Tandem piston compressor
. Single Acting compressor
. Double Acting compressor
. Diaphragm compressor
. Wobble or swash plate compressor
Rotary compressors
. Stationary blade type
. Rotary blade type
. Lobe compressor
. Vane compressor
. Scroll compressor
. Screw compressor
. Liquid Ring compressor
The Condensers like a air cooled, water cooled and Evaporative.
air cooled Condensers
. Fin and tube type condenser
. Plate and tube type condenser
. Plate and plate type condenser
. Tube and wire type condenser
water cooled Condensers
. Shell and Tube Type condenser
. Shell and coil Type condenser
. Double Pipe Type condenser
. Plate type heat exchanger
The Refrigerant control devices like automatic expansion valve, thermostatic expansion valve,High side float valve, low side float valve, Hand operating, and capillary tube are used to reduce the pressure.
Evaporators or cooling coils like a Air cooling coil or direct cooling (Direct system) and Liquid cooling coil or chiller ( Indirect system)
Air cooling coil or direct cooling (Direct system)
. Bare Tube Evaporator
. Plate Surface Evaporator
. Finned Tube Evaporator
. Plate Tube Evaporator
Liquid cooling coil or chiller (Indirect system)
The most popular used in Shell and Tube Type Evaporator or chiller.
. Shell and coil Type chiller
. Double Pipe Type chiller
. Plate type heat exchanger (chiller)
Domestically used vapour Compression refrigeration system parts
Compressor
. Hermetic or Sealed Compressor reciprocating compressors.
. Sealed Stationary blade type rotary compressor.
. Sealed Rotary blade type rotary compressor.
. Scroll compressor
Condenser
. Fin and tube type condenser
. Plate and tube type condenser
. Plate and plate type condenser
. Tube and wire type condenser
filter or drier
the system generally used in sealed type like a refrigerator.
Expansion valve
The system generally used in capillary tube.
Evaporator or Cooling coil
. Bare Tube Evaporator
. Plate Surface Evaporator
. Finned Tube Evaporator
. Plate Tube Evaporator
Commercially used vapour Compression refrigeration system parts
Compressor
. Wobble or swash plate compressor
. Semi Sealed or semi Hermetic
. Open type reciprocating compressor
. In-line compressor
. V shaped compressor
. Tandem piston compressor
. Single Acting compressor
. Double Acting compressor
. Diaphragm compressor
. Lobe compressor
. Vane compressor
. Scroll compressor
. Screw compressor
. Liquid Ring compressor
. centrifugal compressor
. Axial flow compressor
Condenser
. Shell and Tube Type condenser
. Shell and coil Type condenser
. Double Pipe Type condenser
. Plate type heat exchanger
Filter or drier
The filter or drier generally used in refillable type maybe sealed type depends upon the capacity of the system.
Expansion valve or refrigerant control device
automatic expansion valve, thermostatic expansion valve,High side float valve, low side float valve, Hand operating and Electronic expansion valve.
Evaporator or Chiller
. Shell and tube type chiller
. Shell and coil Type chiller
. Double Pipe Type chiller
. Plate type heat exchanger (chiller)
Working principle of vapour Compression refrigeration system
First switch on the display or board start the compressor or motor directly, connected with compressor and motor by the help of connecting rod in a single dome is called sealed or Hermetic unit or separate dome compressor and motor connected in single shaft is called semi sealed and Belt driven (by the help of diesel or petrol engine or electric motor). Compressor suck the refrigerant vapours or gas from the suction line of the evaporator at lowe temperature and lower pressure to compresses it into a lower volume at higher temperature & higher pressure Refrigerant vapours through the discharge line to the condenser.Compressor is moreover it creates the flow of refrigerant.
figure show - compressor
The condenser received Vapour Refrigerant or gas from the discharge line of the compressor at higher temperature and higher pressure to condenses(by heat rejection takes place to atmosphere the help of air and water.) in to convert high pressure and normal temperature of liquid Refrigerant through the liquid line to the receiver, filter or drier.
The filter or drier receive liquid Refrigerant or gas from the condenser at high pressure and normal temperature to filtering and moisture removal (Solid particles or foreign particles) in liquid Refrigerant of intire system Or refrigerating machine. (by the help of filter and silica gel in side of the Drier) Then high pressure and normal temperature liquid refrigerant through the expansion valve.
Figure show - filter or drier
The expansion valve or refrigerant control device receive liquid refrigerant or gas from the filter or Drier at high pressure and normal temperature or medium temperature to Reduces the pressure and temperature of the liquid refrigerant (due to small Or mini hole inside of the expansion valve). Then low pressure and low temperature liquid refrigerant through the Evaporator or Cooling coil.
Figure show - refrigerant control device
The Evaporator Receive liquid refrigerant or gas from the Expansion valve at low pressure and low temperature liquid refrigerant is Evaporated to vaporized inside the Evaporator to Convert vapour (by the absorb latent heat from enclosed space or room, by the help of air and liquid or brine) then lower pressure and lower temperature vapour refrigerant through the suction line of Accumulator, the compressor. Then this cycle is repeatedly again and again.
figure show - evaporator or cooling coil
Uses or Application of the Vapour Compression Refrigeration system or mechanical Compression refrigeration system is Both domestically and Commercially refrigeration and air conditioning purpose.
Domestically used system like refrigerators, water colers, bottle colers, visible colers,Deep freezes, car air conditioning,window air conditioners, heat pumps and split air conditioners etc. The small and medium capacity of the tonnage are used is called a Domestic or house hold.
Commercially used system like commercial refrigeration system's, ice factories, ice cream plants, ice candy plants, Car air conditioning, Bus air conditioning Train air conditioning, truck refrigeration, commercial air conditioning system's, central air conditioning plants, HVAC system's, chilled water flows system's and large air conditioning plants etc. The medium and large capacity of the tonnage are used is called a commercial.
Advantages of mechanical refrigeration system
. Mechanical refrigeration system is a very efficient system.
. Desired temperature can be obtained in an enclosed space with the help of it.
. It is used for Domestic as well as Commercial purposes.
. It is used to suitable refrigerants or gases for cooling purpose.
. It occupies less space.
Disadvantages of mechanical refrigeration system
. It is required oiling methods because it is moving parts are there in the system.
. It is make a noise while working of the system.
. It requires service occasionally.
. It is required too much repairs.
. It's a cost is highly Depending on the capacity of the machine.
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